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Atlanta is a diverse city with a rich history that has contributed to a wide range of musical content to America’s complex musical history over the last two centuries. It is a city where not only rap and jazz have made their defining marks, but where classical music and country music are celebrated as well. Behind all of these musical contributions are a range of incredibly influential black female artists who, over the last century, have created a musical space in Atlanta to not only create, but to express themselves in ways which society has historically looked down upon. These female artists, spanning from blues megastar Bessie Smith to current pop-funk icon Janelle Monae, have celebrated themes in their music including femininity and sexuality, in turn creating space for a conversation on the role that these themes play in the lives of black female artists and for women in general.

In current discourse the general trends of celebrating male artists who discuss topics such as sex and sexuality in their music, while at the same time shaming female artists who discuss similar topics, are prevalent. Specifically, these topics of sex and sexuality, have rarely been depicted for black women in a context of empowerment and ownership. (Carby) Therefore, in experiencing this tour, we will be able to see how these black female artists have used these themes in their music not only to empower themselves, but to educate, empower, and normalize for the future generations of female musicians and listeners.

This tour, celebrating the journey of female black musicians in Atlanta, will begin at the beginning of the 20th century, where the musical genres of jazz and blues were taking flight, and Atlanta's black musical center, Decatur Street was booming. From this point, we will continue to explore the city and visit a range of significant historical sites, some of which are currently in existence, where Atlantan black female artists have had defining moments in their careers. Finally, this tour will take us up to the present day, where we can see how current black female artists in Atlanta are still fighting the fight to express themselves as they wish to in their music and to create empowering musical art. Along each of the tour's stops, we will learn more about the specific history of these significant artists as well as dive into their lyrical content. Through all of these stops, it will become evident how each artist has left their defining mark upon their music but has also paved the way for creativity and expression in the generations following. Furthermore, the evolution of venues and locations that we will begin exploring shortly, is important to note, with early black female artists in Atlanta experiencing their performance careers in the ‘rough’ and ‘unruly’ theatres Decatur Street to later black female artists performing in huge concert halls and stadiums. (Goodson)

Now, let's take a moment to imagine ourselves in the bustling 1910 version of a musically expressive Decatur Street, which is where our tour of Atlanta’s black female artists begins.

","flat_pages",[459],"icon_color","#D32F2F","id",8,"is_geo",true,"link_address","link_text","map_icon","map_overlay","map_type","hybrid","media",[],"meta_description","Atlanta is a diverse city with a rich history that has contributed to a wide range of musical content to America’s complex musical history over the last two centuries. It is a city where not only rap and jazz have made their defining marks, but where classical music and country music are celebrated as well. Behind all of these musical contributions are a range of incredibly influential black female artists who, over the last century, have created a musical space in Atlanta to not only create, but to express themselves in ways which society has historically looked down upon. These female artists, spanning from blues megastar Bessie Smith to current pop-funk icon Janelle Monae, have celebrated themes in their music including femininity and sexuality, in turn creating space for a conversation on the role that these themes play in the lives of black female artists and for women in general. In current discourse the general trends of celebrating male artists who discuss topics such as sex and sexuality in their music, while at the same time shaming female artists who discuss similar topics, are prevalent. Specifically, these topics of sex and sexuality, have rarely been depicted for black women in a context of empowerment and ownership. (Carby) Therefore, in experiencing this tour, we will be able to see how these black female artists have used these themes in their music not only to empower themselves, but to educate, empower, and normalize for the future generations of female musicians and listeners. This tour, celebrating the journey of female black musicians in Atlanta, will begin at the beginning of the 20th century, where the musical genres of jazz and blues were taking flight, and Atlanta's black musical center, Decatur Street was booming. From this point, we will continue to explore the city and visit a range of significant historical sites, some of which are currently in existence, where Atlantan black female artists have had defining moments in their careers. Finally, this tour will take us up to the present day, where we can see how current black female artists in Atlanta are still fighting the fight to express themselves as they wish to in their music and to create empowering musical art. Along each of the tour's stops, we will learn more about the specific history of these significant artists as well as dive into their lyrical content. Through all of these stops, it will become evident how each artist has left their defining mark upon their music but has also paved the way for creativity and expression in the generations following. Furthermore, the evolution of venues and locations that we will begin exploring shortly, is important to note, with early black female artists in Atlanta experiencing their performance careers in the ‘rough’ and ‘unruly’ theatres Decatur Street to later black female artists performing in huge concert halls and stadiums. (Goodson)Now, let's take a moment to imagine ourselves in the bustling 1910 version of a musically expressive Decatur Street, which is where our tour of Atlanta’s black female artists begins.","mode",{"_36":192,"_73":456},"modes",[447,448,449,450],"open_geographies_endpoint","published","published_on","2026-09-10","read_duration","5 minutes reading","restrict_bounds","restrict_bounds_to_overlay","sanitized_description","splash",{"_73":352,"_123":364,"_125":365},"slug","slugs",[445,446,16],"stop_count","stops",[85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92],"tenant_title","Atlanta Music Maps","title","A Journey of Black Female Artists in Atlanta","travel_duration","About 3 hours driving","theme",{"_36":83,"_73":84},"type","voice_overs",[],"use_directions",13,"gatech",{"_93":391,"_94":23,"_95":-5,"_97":388,"_99":392,"_101":-5,"_30":393,"_103":-5,"_104":-5,"_34":35,"_36":388,"_105":394,"_107":395,"_42":-5,"_46":396,"_48":110,"_111":25,"_112":-5,"_113":-5,"_55":39,"_62":397,"_65":389,"_66":398,"_63":399,"_73":390,"_79":119,"_120":-5,"_121":-5,"_80":400},{"_93":353,"_94":192,"_95":354,"_97":350,"_99":355,"_101":-5,"_30":356,"_103":-5,"_104":-5,"_34":35,"_36":350,"_105":357,"_107":358,"_42":-5,"_46":359,"_48":110,"_111":25,"_112":-5,"_113":-5,"_55":39,"_62":360,"_65":351,"_66":361,"_63":362,"_73":352,"_79":119,"_120":-5,"_121":-5,"_80":363},{"_93":325,"_94":180,"_95":326,"_97":322,"_99":327,"_101":-5,"_30":328,"_103":-5,"_104":-5,"_34":35,"_36":322,"_105":329,"_107":330,"_42":-5,"_46":331,"_48":110,"_111":25,"_112":-5,"_113":-5,"_55":39,"_62":332,"_65":323,"_66":333,"_63":334,"_73":324,"_79":119,"_120":-5,"_121":-5,"_80":335},{"_93":287,"_94":288,"_95":289,"_97":284,"_99":290,"_101":-5,"_30":291,"_103":-5,"_104":-5,"_34":35,"_36":284,"_105":292,"_107":293,"_42":-5,"_46":294,"_48":110,"_111":25,"_112":-5,"_113":-5,"_55":39,"_62":295,"_65":285,"_66":296,"_63":297,"_73":286,"_79":119,"_120":-5,"_121":-5,"_80":298},{"_93":245,"_94":246,"_95":247,"_97":242,"_99":248,"_101":-5,"_30":249,"_103":-5,"_104":-5,"_34":35,"_36":242,"_105":250,"_107":251,"_42":-5,"_46":252,"_48":110,"_111":25,"_112":-5,"_113":-5,"_55":39,"_62":253,"_65":243,"_66":254,"_63":255,"_73":244,"_79":119,"_120":-5,"_121":-5,"_80":256},{"_93":214,"_94":215,"_95":216,"_97":211,"_99":217,"_101":-5,"_30":218,"_103":-5,"_104":-5,"_34":35,"_36":211,"_105":219,"_107":220,"_42":-5,"_46":221,"_48":110,"_111":25,"_112":-5,"_113":-5,"_55":39,"_62":222,"_65":212,"_66":223,"_63":224,"_73":213,"_79":119,"_120":-5,"_121":-5,"_80":225},{"_93":160,"_94":161,"_95":162,"_97":157,"_99":163,"_101":-5,"_30":164,"_103":-5,"_104":-5,"_34":35,"_36":157,"_105":165,"_107":166,"_42":-5,"_46":167,"_48":110,"_111":25,"_112":-5,"_113":-5,"_55":39,"_62":168,"_65":158,"_66":169,"_63":170,"_73":159,"_79":119,"_120":-5,"_121":-5,"_80":171},{"_93":-5,"_94":37,"_95":96,"_97":98,"_99":100,"_101":-5,"_30":102,"_103":-5,"_104":-5,"_34":35,"_36":98,"_105":106,"_107":108,"_42":-5,"_46":109,"_48":110,"_111":25,"_112":-5,"_113":-5,"_55":39,"_62":114,"_65":115,"_66":116,"_63":117,"_73":118,"_79":119,"_120":-5,"_121":-5,"_80":122},"next","position","previous",{"_36":157,"_65":158,"_73":159},"relation_id",91,"address","200 Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd Macon GA 31201 ","article_link","Last but not least, we have a slight detour to Macon, Georgia, to visit the site where the former Georgia Music Hall of Fame stood. This site is significant, as many of the black female artists we have learned about today on this tour have been inducted into the Georgia Music Hall of Fame. The women receiving this honor include Gladys Knight, Ma Rainey, and TLC. While the physical location no longer exists, and the exhibitions have been relocated to the University of Georgia's Special Collections Library, the significance of the Hall of Fame cannot be overlooked. (Georgia Music Hall) The Awards still take place every year and the list of honored musicians serves to celebrate and educate future generations on the legacy of Georgia's musicians. Specifically, this honor serves to validate the significant contributions black female artists have made to Georgian Music History and the empowering content found within their lyrics. ","direction_intro","direction_notes","lat",32.8362016,"lng",-83.6220714,[128],"","orphaned","parking_lat","parking_lng","Last but not least, we have a slight detour to Macon, Georgia, to visit the site where the former Georgia Music Hall of Fame stood. This site is significant, as many of the black female artists we have learned about today on this tour have been inducted into the Georgia Music Hall of Fame. The women receiving this honor include Gladys Knight, Ma Rainey, and TLC. While the physical location no longer exists, and the exhibitions have been relocated to the University of Georgia's Special Collections Library, the significance of the Hall of Fame cannot be overlooked. (Georgia Music Hall) The Awards still take place every year and the list of honored musicians serves to celebrate and educate future generations on the legacy of Georgia's musicians. Specifically, this honor serves to validate the significant contributions black female artists have made to Georgian Music History and the empowering content found within their lyrics. 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Moving back to Atlanta and to the western suburbs of the city we are now entering a seemingly normal neighborhood. This inconspicuous Suburban House that you are in front of is actually the headquarters of Janelle Monáe's Wondaland Records Headquarters. Founded by Janelle Monáe, Chuck Lightning, and Steve Wonder in the early 2000s, the Wondaland Arts Society is a record label designed to promote innovation in music and art. After being discovered and featured by OutKast's Big Boi, It was under this label that Janelle Monáe put out her first EP in 2007 by the name of 'Metropolis: Suite I (The Chase)'. Wondaland, for Monáe, is more than just a name, as it perpetuates her style of funk and futurism for which she is known, and promotes a space of inclusion, especially for African American women and girls. (English and Kim) This location remains an important part of Monáe's career to this day, as she recorded most of her latest album 'Dirty Computer' here. 'Dirty Computer' especially, highlights Monáe's powerful lyrical content, and includes commentary on gender, sexuality, and fluiditiy. (Spanos)

",33.7074017,-84.5614251,[176,177,178],"Moving back to Atlanta and to the western suburbs of the city we are now entering a seemingly normal neighborhood. This inconspicuous Suburban House that you are in front of is actually the headquarters of Janelle Monáe's Wondaland Records Headquarters. Founded by Janelle Monáe, Chuck Lightning, and Steve Wonder in the early 2000s, the Wondaland Arts Society is a record label designed to promote innovation in music and art. After being discovered and featured by OutKast's Big Boi, It was under this label that Janelle Monáe put out her first EP in 2007 by the name of 'Metropolis: Suite I (The Chase)'. Wondaland, for Monáe, is more than just a name, as it perpetuates her style of funk and futurism for which she is known, and promotes a space of inclusion, especially for African American women and girls. (English and Kim) This location remains an important part of Monáe's career to this day, as she recorded most of her latest album 'Dirty Computer' here. 'Dirty Computer' especially, highlights Monáe's powerful lyrical content, and includes commentary on gender, sexuality, and fluiditiy. (Spanos)",[127,175,158],{"_73":172,"_123":173,"_125":174},[],"Janelle Monae","https://i1.wp.com/dangerouslee.biz/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/janelle-monae.jpg?ssl=1","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/847bunz9rk82dxzmv4sm2573aa68?variant=desktop","wondaland-arts-society",{"_97":203,"_94":23,"_123":173,"_130":131,"_132":-5,"_133":-5,"_134":204,"_136":205,"_36":206,"_139":-5,"_140":141,"_142":204,"_143":144,"_145":146,"_73":172,"_147":-5},{"_97":191,"_94":192,"_123":193,"_130":131,"_132":-5,"_133":-5,"_134":194,"_136":195,"_36":196,"_139":-5,"_140":141,"_142":194,"_143":144,"_145":146,"_73":197,"_147":-5},{"_97":179,"_94":180,"_123":181,"_130":131,"_132":-5,"_133":-5,"_134":182,"_136":183,"_36":184,"_139":-5,"_140":141,"_142":182,"_143":144,"_145":146,"_73":185,"_147":-5},202,3,"http://musiqology.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/janellemoneawondaland.jpg","16073193361.jpeg",{"_148":186,"_150":187,"_152":188,"_154":189,"_155":190},212,"Janelle Monae + Wondaland","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/6c0jg23o317f4kuvbfzb1ykzjpjq","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/6c0jg23o317f4kuvbfzb1ykzjpjq?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/6c0jg23o317f4kuvbfzb1ykzjpjq?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/6c0jg23o317f4kuvbfzb1ykzjpjq?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/6c0jg23o317f4kuvbfzb1ykzjpjq?variant=lqip",201,2,"https://cdn.vox-cdn.com/thumbor/7OoOp1oksjThMTCI5hKZZiKCdro=/1400x1400/filters:format(png)/cdn.vox-cdn.com/uploads/chorus_asset/file/10624357/Screen_Shot_2018_04_10_at_12.32.38_PM.png","16073192847.jpeg",{"_148":198,"_150":199,"_152":200,"_154":201,"_155":202},211,"Pynk from Dirty Computer","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/4o1gx2kr3qqm85b629mer0oxwl6a","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/4o1gx2kr3qqm85b629mer0oxwl6a?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/4o1gx2kr3qqm85b629mer0oxwl6a?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/4o1gx2kr3qqm85b629mer0oxwl6a?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/4o1gx2kr3qqm85b629mer0oxwl6a?variant=lqip",200,"16073192260.jpeg",{"_148":207,"_150":208,"_152":209,"_154":174,"_155":210},210,"https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/847bunz9rk82dxzmv4sm2573aa68","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/847bunz9rk82dxzmv4sm2573aa68?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/847bunz9rk82dxzmv4sm2573aa68?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/847bunz9rk82dxzmv4sm2573aa68?variant=lqip",94,"center-stage-theater","Center Stage Theater",{"_36":157,"_65":158,"_73":159},6,{"_36":242,"_65":243,"_73":244},"1374 West Peachtree Street Atlanta, GA, 30309 ","

Now we have come to yet another theater on our tour, the Center Stage Theater. The Center Stage Theater, originally known as \"Theater Atlanta\", has seen dozens of the world's top artists perform on its stage. Among these artists is none other than Ciara, Atlanta R&B superstar of the early 2000s. Ciara's beginnings as an artist begin with her joining a girl group by the name of 'Hearsay', which did not last long but gave her a foot in the door of Atlanta's budding music industry. Soon after, like TLC, Ciara also had a record deal with LaFace records. With a decade's long career producing multiple Grammy nominations and several major awards, Ciara's lyrical content, which truly celebrates 'Love, Sex, and Magic', (just like her hit single with Justin Timberlake), was acclaimed. (Biography.com Editors)

",33.7922155,-84.3879559,[230],"Now we have come to yet another theater on our tour, the Center Stage Theater. The Center Stage Theater, originally known as \"Theater Atlanta\", has seen dozens of the world's top artists perform on its stage. Among these artists is none other than Ciara, Atlanta R&B superstar of the early 2000s. Ciara's beginnings as an artist begin with her joining a girl group by the name of 'Hearsay', which did not last long but gave her a foot in the door of Atlanta's budding music industry. Soon after, like TLC, Ciara also had a record deal with LaFace records. With a decade's long career producing multiple Grammy nominations and several major awards, Ciara's lyrical content, which truly celebrates 'Love, Sex, and Magic', (just like her hit single with Justin Timberlake), was acclaimed. (Biography. com Editors)",[127,229,212],{"_73":226,"_123":227,"_125":228},[],"Ciara","http://i.huffpost.com/gen/1317823/thumbs/o-CIARA-VMAS-facebook.jpg","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/dq93v8rv3lgrqciip223m054cd6e?variant=desktop","perimeter-college",{"_97":231,"_94":23,"_123":227,"_130":232,"_132":-5,"_133":-5,"_134":233,"_136":234,"_36":235,"_139":-5,"_140":236,"_142":233,"_143":144,"_145":237,"_73":226,"_147":-5},209,1037,"16073244441.jpeg",{"_148":238,"_150":239,"_152":240,"_154":228,"_155":241},219,207,518,"https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/dq93v8rv3lgrqciip223m054cd6e","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/dq93v8rv3lgrqciip223m054cd6e?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/dq93v8rv3lgrqciip223m054cd6e?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/dq93v8rv3lgrqciip223m054cd6e?variant=lqip",88,"laface-records","LaFace Records",{"_36":211,"_65":212,"_73":213},5,{"_36":284,"_65":285,"_73":286},"3350 Peachtree Road Suite 1500 Atlanta, GA, United States 30326","Now we have come to the former site of LaFace Records, which worked with some of the most prominent R&B, hip-hop, and pop artists of the 1990s. LaFace was founded in 1989 by Antonio \"L.A.\" Reid and Kenneth \"Babyface\" Edmonds, and was a big success, propelling Atlanta's name in the U.S. music industry forward. (Miller and Adams) One group in particular that recorded at LaFace was Atlanta-based girl-group TLC, formed by Lisa “Left Eye” Lopes, Tionne “T-Boz” Watkins, and Rozonda “Chilli” Thomas. TLC made waves through with their lyrical content with songs such as \"Waterfalls\" bringing awareness to HIV/AIDS, and many other works of their discography focusing on themes of sexuality, self-love, and acceptance. (Azzopardi)",33.847613,-84.3684747,[260,261],"Now we have come to the former site of LaFace Records, which worked with some of the most prominent R&B, hip-hop, and pop artists of the 1990s. LaFace was founded in 1989 by Antonio \"L. A.\" Reid and Kenneth \"Babyface\" Edmonds, and was a big success, propelling Atlanta's name in the U. S. music industry forward. (Miller and Adams) One group in particular that recorded at LaFace was Atlanta-based girl-group TLC, formed by Lisa “Left Eye” Lopes, Tionne “T-Boz” Watkins, and Rozonda “Chilli” Thomas. TLC made waves through with their lyrical content with songs such as \"Waterfalls\" bringing awareness to HIV/AIDS, and many other works of their discography focusing on themes of sexuality, self-love, and acceptance. (Azzopardi)",[127,243],{"_73":257,"_123":258,"_125":259},[],"TLC","https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/3/32/TLC-RedLightSpecial.jpg/220px-TLC-RedLightSpecial.jpg","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/x3g3e37arjfrqfm4f8uxjygr0olo?variant=desktop",{"_97":273,"_94":23,"_123":258,"_130":274,"_132":-5,"_133":-5,"_134":275,"_136":276,"_36":277,"_139":-5,"_140":278,"_142":275,"_143":144,"_145":279,"_73":257,"_147":-5},{"_97":262,"_94":192,"_123":263,"_130":131,"_132":-5,"_133":-5,"_134":264,"_136":265,"_36":266,"_139":-5,"_140":141,"_142":264,"_143":144,"_145":146,"_73":267,"_147":-5},208,"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/85/Waterfalls_by_TLC_US_CD_maxi-single.jpg/220px-Waterfalls_by_TLC_US_CD_maxi-single.jpg","16073240259.jpeg",{"_148":268,"_150":269,"_152":270,"_154":271,"_155":272},218,"\"Waterfalls\" by TLC","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/2f6sv9ifl7nvcj6c48ghyigxtyhc","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/2f6sv9ifl7nvcj6c48ghyigxtyhc?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/2f6sv9ifl7nvcj6c48ghyigxtyhc?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/2f6sv9ifl7nvcj6c48ghyigxtyhc?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/2f6sv9ifl7nvcj6c48ghyigxtyhc?variant=lqip",205,1467,"16073216002.jpeg",{"_148":280,"_150":281,"_152":282,"_154":259,"_155":283},215,293,733,"https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/x3g3e37arjfrqfm4f8uxjygr0olo","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/x3g3e37arjfrqfm4f8uxjygr0olo?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/x3g3e37arjfrqfm4f8uxjygr0olo?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/x3g3e37arjfrqfm4f8uxjygr0olo?variant=lqip",93,"centennial-olympic-stadium","Centennial Olympic Stadium",{"_36":242,"_65":243,"_73":244},4,{"_36":322,"_65":323,"_73":324},"755 Hank Aaron Way, Atlanta, GA 30315","

From the Nassau Studio Sessions in Downtown Atlanta, we are now moving slightly South to visit the former Centennial Olympic Stadium, built for the 1996 Summer Olympics hosted by Atlanta. The stadium you are seeing now is currently called the Turner Field and has been repurposed as a baseball field since the Olympics. (Olympedia) One of the Atlanta voices featured at this stadium during the Olympic Games was none other than Gladys Knight, Atlanta R&B singer known as the 'Empress of Soul', who performed \"Georgia (On My Mind)\" at the event. Knight was born in 1944 in Atlanta, and at age 8 began singing with her siblings in a group they called \"The Pips\". Knight went on to headline the group, and they released multiple albums and movie soundtracks. (Biography.com Editors) With Knight at the forefront of the group, the lyrical content of the music released celebrated women's independence, strength, and success. (Johnson)

",33.7366194,-84.3881459,[302,303],"From the Nassau Studio Sessions in Downtown Atlanta, we are now moving slightly South to visit the former Centennial Olympic Stadium, built for the 1996 Summer Olympics hosted by Atlanta. The stadium you are seeing now is currently called the Turner Field and has been repurposed as a baseball field since the Olympics. (Olympedia) One of the Atlanta voices featured at this stadium during the Olympic Games was none other than Gladys Knight, Atlanta R&B singer known as the 'Empress of Soul', who performed \"Georgia (On My Mind)\" at the event. Knight was born in 1944 in Atlanta, and at age 8 began singing with her siblings in a group they called \"The Pips\". Knight went on to headline the group, and they released multiple albums and movie soundtracks. (Biography. com Editors) With Knight at the forefront of the group, the lyrical content of the music released celebrated women's independence, strength, and success. (Johnson)",[127,285],{"_73":299,"_123":300,"_125":301},[],"Gladys Knight","https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Gladys_Knight_(and_the_Pips)_op_Schiphol_(zullen_optreden_op_Grand_Gala_)%2C_Bestanddeelnr_922-1674.jpg/800px-Gladys_Knight_(and_the_Pips)_op_Schiphol_(zullen_optreden_op_Grand_Gala_)%2C_Bestanddeelnr_922-1674.jpg","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/z7wdd3bk6nc1j7tzy1fh626k2g61?variant=desktop",{"_97":314,"_94":23,"_123":300,"_130":131,"_132":-5,"_133":-5,"_134":315,"_136":316,"_36":317,"_139":-5,"_140":141,"_142":315,"_143":144,"_145":146,"_73":299,"_147":-5},{"_97":304,"_94":192,"_123":305,"_130":131,"_132":-5,"_133":-5,"_134":306,"_136":307,"_36":308,"_139":-5,"_140":141,"_142":306,"_143":144,"_145":146,"_73":286,"_147":-5},204,"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Athletics_venue_during_the_1996_Paralympic_Games.jpg/1200px-Athletics_venue_during_the_1996_Paralympic_Games.jpg","16073215013.jpeg",{"_148":309,"_150":310,"_152":311,"_154":312,"_155":313},214,"https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/f6n1g0nqoqihfeytzkhjept1xvwn","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/f6n1g0nqoqihfeytzkhjept1xvwn?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/f6n1g0nqoqihfeytzkhjept1xvwn?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/f6n1g0nqoqihfeytzkhjept1xvwn?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/f6n1g0nqoqihfeytzkhjept1xvwn?variant=lqip",203,"16073214334.jpeg",{"_148":318,"_150":319,"_152":320,"_154":301,"_155":321},213,"https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/z7wdd3bk6nc1j7tzy1fh626k2g61","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/z7wdd3bk6nc1j7tzy1fh626k2g61?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/z7wdd3bk6nc1j7tzy1fh626k2g61?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/z7wdd3bk6nc1j7tzy1fh626k2g61?variant=lqip",90,"nassau-street-sessions","Nassau Street Sessions",{"_36":284,"_65":285,"_73":286},{"_36":350,"_65":351,"_73":352},"152 Nassau St NW Atlanta, GA 30303","Now we have made our way to Downtown Atlanta. In front of you is the former home of Okeh Records recording studio. Okeh Records, a New York-based recording company, made their way down to Atlanta in the Summer of 1923. Looking for new musical talent, Okeh bought an empty warehouse, which became the home of the Nassau Street Sessions in which the first recordings of country, jazz, and blues were made. (Nassau Street Sessions) One of the famous recordings made during these sessions was Lucille Bogan's \"The Pawn Shop Blues\". Bogan, along with Bessie Smith and Ma Rainey was known as one of the great three female blues singers of the time. Bogan performed under the name Bessie Jackson, and similarly to Smith and Rainey, her lyrical content covered themes of sexuality. Bogan's lyrics were more explicit in they went into more depth about her experience with abuse, prostitution, and addiction. These lyrics, however, were an outlet for Bogan to detail her personal experiences in a musical context that was on her terms. ",33.7584335,-84.3921907,[339],"Now we have made our way to Downtown Atlanta. In front of you is the former home of Okeh Records recording studio. Okeh Records, a New York-based recording company, made their way down to Atlanta in the Summer of 1923. Looking for new musical talent, Okeh bought an empty warehouse, which became the home of the Nassau Street Sessions in which the first recordings of country, jazz, and blues were made. (Nassau Street Sessions) One of the famous recordings made during these sessions was Lucille Bogan's \"The Pawn Shop Blues\". Bogan, along with Bessie Smith and Ma Rainey was known as one of the great three female blues singers of the time. Bogan performed under the name Bessie Jackson, and similarly to Smith and Rainey, her lyrical content covered themes of sexuality. Bogan's lyrics were more explicit in they went into more depth about her experience with abuse, prostitution, and addiction. These lyrics, however, were an outlet for Bogan to detail her personal experiences in a musical context that was on her terms. ",[127,323],{"_73":336,"_123":337,"_125":338},[],"Bessie Jackson","http://andrejkoymasky.com/liv/fam/bioj1/jackso02.jpg","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/rqutkh1mnb1jcfbolvbxti5du3wh?variant=desktop",{"_97":340,"_94":23,"_123":337,"_130":341,"_132":-5,"_133":-5,"_134":342,"_136":343,"_36":231,"_139":-5,"_140":344,"_142":342,"_143":144,"_145":345,"_73":336,"_147":-5},199,1111,"16073185069.jpeg",{"_148":346,"_150":347,"_152":348,"_154":338,"_155":349},222,556,"https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/rqutkh1mnb1jcfbolvbxti5du3wh","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/rqutkh1mnb1jcfbolvbxti5du3wh?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/rqutkh1mnb1jcfbolvbxti5du3wh?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/rqutkh1mnb1jcfbolvbxti5du3wh?variant=lqip",14,"81-theater","81 Theater",{"_36":322,"_65":323,"_73":324},{"_36":388,"_65":389,"_73":390},"81 Decatur Street SE, Atlanta, GA 30303.","Moving down Decatur Street we come to yet another spot where a prominent theatre once stood. In front of you, today stands an office building, however, this location was once a booming musical stage for black Atlantans. The 81 Theater on Decatur Street was also part of the Bailey Theaters circuit and was the largest of these theatres. (Coursey) This center for musical performance in Atlanta in the early 1900s is especially important as it played an important part in blues singer, Bessie Smith's career. Smith came to Atlanta in 1913 to pursue her music career and began performing at the 81 Theater as a singer and dancer. Her humble beginnings as a poor orphan busking on the streets of Tennessee with her brother were soon overpowered by her incredible voice, which quickly gained the attention and approval of audiences all over the South. (Goodson) While performing at the 81 Theater, Smith also began expanding her discography, singing blues songs about topics, such as sexuality and protest, that were unusual for women of that time period. After a decade in Atlanta at the 81 Theater Smith's career moved her north to Philadelphia. ",33.7526653,-84.3873661,[366,367],"Moving down Decatur Street we come to yet another spot where a prominent theatre once stood. In front of you, today stands an office building, however, this location was once a booming musical stage for black Atlantans. The 81 Theater on Decatur Street was also part of the Bailey Theaters circuit and was the largest of these theatres. (Coursey) This center for musical performance in Atlanta in the early 1900s is especially important as it played an important part in blues singer, Bessie Smith's career. Smith came to Atlanta in 1913 to pursue her music career and began performing at the 81 Theater as a singer and dancer. Her humble beginnings as a poor orphan busking on the streets of Tennessee with her brother were soon overpowered by her incredible voice, which quickly gained the attention and approval of audiences all over the South. (Goodson) While performing at the 81 Theater, Smith also began expanding her discography, singing blues songs about topics, such as sexuality and protest, that were unusual for women of that time period. After a decade in Atlanta at the 81 Theater Smith's career moved her north to Philadelphia. ",[127,351],{"_73":352,"_123":364,"_125":365},[],"Creator: Charles Pugh \n| \nCredit: AJC","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/0pbxmkg7x2y0xaj64d1fe3zzn0q2?variant=desktop",{"_97":380,"_94":192,"_123":364,"_130":131,"_132":-5,"_133":-5,"_134":381,"_136":382,"_36":383,"_139":-5,"_140":141,"_142":381,"_143":144,"_145":146,"_73":352,"_147":-5},{"_97":368,"_94":192,"_123":369,"_130":370,"_132":-5,"_133":-5,"_134":371,"_136":372,"_36":236,"_139":-5,"_140":206,"_142":371,"_143":144,"_145":373,"_73":374,"_147":-5},197,"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2015/04/28/be004336_enl-c1da9755dffc1bb7a6cf714613300de1c02fa154-s1400.jpg",1049,"16073180123.jpeg",{"_148":375,"_150":376,"_152":377,"_154":378,"_155":379},525,"Bessie Smith","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/hxiybgmhaph6jdgbg0cw34mdl8a8","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/hxiybgmhaph6jdgbg0cw34mdl8a8?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/hxiybgmhaph6jdgbg0cw34mdl8a8?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/hxiybgmhaph6jdgbg0cw34mdl8a8?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/hxiybgmhaph6jdgbg0cw34mdl8a8?variant=lqip",39,"16041871697.jpeg",{"_148":384,"_150":385,"_152":386,"_154":365,"_155":387},44,"https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/0pbxmkg7x2y0xaj64d1fe3zzn0q2","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/0pbxmkg7x2y0xaj64d1fe3zzn0q2?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/0pbxmkg7x2y0xaj64d1fe3zzn0q2?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/0pbxmkg7x2y0xaj64d1fe3zzn0q2?variant=lqip",92,"decatur-street","Decatur Street",{"_36":350,"_65":351,"_73":352},"51 Decatur Street SE, Atlanta, GA 30303","

Here we begin our tour on the historic Decatur Street in Atlanta. Today it might not look like it, but Decatur Street was once the center of entertainment for black Atlantans in the early 20th century. Where you are located right now in particular is the location where the historic Strand Theater once stood (it was closed in the 1950s). The Strand Theater was one of the first black theatres built in Atlanta and operated under the Bailey Theater's circuit along with other black theatres on Decatur Street. (Coursey) Beyond theatres, Decatur Street also became notorious for its talented performers. Ma Rainey, known as 'The Mother of Blues', was one of the many talented performers who made their mark on Decatur Street. Rainey was an expressive performer who could captivate huge audiences. In the lyrics of her songs she was open about her sexuality, expressing preference for women in the lyrics of her song 'Prove It On Me': \"Went out last night with a crowd of my friends / must’ve been women, ’cause I don’t like no men.\" which for the time period was a bold move. (Moneymaker) Rainey also played a large part in blues singer, Bessie Smith's, career, cultivating a decades-long friendship with Smith and guiding her within the industry.

",33.7536567,-84.3881961,[406,407,408],"Here we begin our tour on the historic Decatur Street in Atlanta. Today it might not look like it, but Decatur Street was once the center of entertainment for black Atlantans in the early 20th century. Where you are located right now in particular is the location where the historic Strand Theater once stood (it was closed in the 1950s). The Strand Theater was one of the first black theatres built in Atlanta and operated under the Bailey Theater's circuit along with other black theatres on Decatur Street. (Coursey) Beyond theatres, Decatur Street also became notorious for its talented performers. Ma Rainey, known as 'The Mother of Blues', was one of the many talented performers who made their mark on Decatur Street. Rainey was an expressive performer who could captivate huge audiences. In the lyrics of her songs she was open about her sexuality, expressing preference for women in the lyrics of her song 'Prove It On Me': \"Went out last night with a crowd of my friends / must’ve been women, ’cause I don’t like no men.\" which for the time period was a bold move. (Moneymaker) Rainey also played a large part in blues singer, Bessie Smith's, career, cultivating a decades-long friendship with Smith and guiding her within the industry. ",[127,404,405,389],{"_73":401,"_123":402,"_125":403},[],"Ma Rainey","http://blackhistorynow.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/MaRainey.jpeg","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/5wjjlleikehli1olezdkix4owf1e?variant=desktop","dixie-theatre","georgia-women-of-achievement",{"_97":436,"_94":23,"_123":402,"_130":437,"_132":-5,"_133":-5,"_134":438,"_136":439,"_36":314,"_139":-5,"_140":203,"_142":438,"_143":144,"_145":440,"_73":401,"_147":-5},{"_97":422,"_94":192,"_123":423,"_130":424,"_132":-5,"_133":-5,"_134":425,"_136":426,"_36":427,"_139":-5,"_140":428,"_142":425,"_143":144,"_145":429,"_73":430,"_147":-5},{"_97":409,"_94":180,"_123":410,"_130":411,"_132":-5,"_133":-5,"_134":412,"_136":413,"_36":304,"_139":-5,"_140":414,"_142":412,"_143":144,"_145":415,"_73":416,"_147":-5},194,"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Decatur_Street_Atlanta_1864.jpg",1254,"16073177970.jpeg",{"_148":417,"_150":418,"_152":419,"_154":420,"_155":421},251,627,"Historic Decatur Street","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/thfs9m1ja7hbl8vtg5n88fdi9l3m","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/thfs9m1ja7hbl8vtg5n88fdi9l3m?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/thfs9m1ja7hbl8vtg5n88fdi9l3m?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/thfs9m1ja7hbl8vtg5n88fdi9l3m?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/thfs9m1ja7hbl8vtg5n88fdi9l3m?variant=lqip",196,"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Decatur_Street_19020713_AC.jpg/1920px-Decatur_Street_19020713_AC.jpg",1428,"16073178931.jpeg",{"_148":431,"_150":432,"_152":433,"_154":434,"_155":435},206,286,714,"Decatur Street News Article","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/m3kkixkaczvar3drn0qteu3g59tg","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/m3kkixkaczvar3drn0qteu3g59tg?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/m3kkixkaczvar3drn0qteu3g59tg?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/m3kkixkaczvar3drn0qteu3g59tg?variant=desktop","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/m3kkixkaczvar3drn0qteu3g59tg?variant=lqip",193,1000,"16073176153.jpeg",{"_148":441,"_150":442,"_152":443,"_154":403,"_155":444},500,"https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/5wjjlleikehli1olezdkix4owf1e","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/5wjjlleikehli1olezdkix4owf1e?variant=mobile","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/5wjjlleikehli1olezdkix4owf1e?variant=tablet","https://api.opentour.site/atlanta-music-maps/v4/public/media/5wjjlleikehli1olezdkix4owf1e?variant=lqip","the-women-of-atlantan-music","women-in-atlantan-music",{"_97":457,"_36":23,"_73":458},{"_97":455,"_36":192,"_73":456},{"_97":453,"_36":180,"_73":454},{"_97":451,"_36":288,"_73":452},32,"WALKING",31,"TRANSIT",30,"DRIVING",29,"BICYCLING",{"_94":23,"_97":460,"_36":460,"_73":461,"_65":462,"_463":464,"_111":25,"_465":23},10,"Works Cited","works-cited","body","

Azzopardi, Chris. \"TLC’s T-Boz and Chilli Talk ‘Crunk’ Queer Fans, Being Lesbian-Chased, Gay Sex Lessons and the LGBT Legacy of ‘Waterfalls’\". July 11, 2017. PrideSource. https://pridesource.com/article/82060-2/

Biography.com Editors, \"Ciara Biography\" April 2, 2014. Biography.com. https://www.biography.com/musician/ciara

Biography.com Editors, \"Gladys Knight Biography\" April 2, 2014. Biography.com https://www.biography.com/musician/gladys-knight

Carby, Hazel V. “‘It Jus Be’s Dat Way Sometime’: The Sexual Politics of Women’s Blues.” Radical America, vol. 20, no. 4, 1986, pp. 9–22. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=rft&AN=A266126&site=ehost-live&scope=site.

Coursey, Jack. \"Strand Theatre.\" Accessed December 5, 2020. Cinema Treasures. http://cinematreasures.org/theaters/11729

Coursey, Jack. \"81 Theatre.\" Accessed December 5, 2020. Cinema Treasures. http://cinematreasures.org/theaters/17658

English, Daylanne, and Alvin Kim. “Now We Want Our Funk Cut: Janelle Monáe’s Neo-Afrofuturism.” American Studies, vol. 52, no. 4, 2013, pp. 217–230. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=rft&AN=A985182&site=ehost-live&scope=site.

Georgia Music Hall. \"Georgia Music Hall of Fame Museum and Education\". Accesssed December 4, 2020. https://gamusichall.com

Johnson, Lindsay, \"\"I'll be with him on the midnight train to Georgia\": The traveling woman in 1920s blues and 1970s\", American music review 43/2 (Brooklyn, NY: spring 2014), 25-29.\nhttp://web.a.ebscohost.com.proxy.library.emory.edu/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=6&sid=e37818ac-5353-4a59-914c-876d4391c3a2%40sessionmgr4008

Miller, Matthew L., and Tiffany B. Adams. \"LaFace Records.\" New Georgia Encyclopedia. 08 June 2017. Web. 01 December 2020. https://www.georgiaencyclopedia.org/articles/arts-culture/laface-records

Moneymaker, Emily. \"The Story of the 'Mother of the Blues'\" August 30, 2016. Center Theatre Group. https://www.centertheatregroup.org/news-and-blogs/news/2016/august/the-story-of-the-mother-of-the-blues/

Nassau Street Sessions. \"Lucille Bogan\" Accessed December 5, 2020. http://www.nassaustreetsessions.com/people/lucille-bogan/

Nassau Street Sessions. \"Home \" Accessed December 5, 2020. http://www.nassaustreetsessions.com

Olympedia. \"Centennial Olympic Stadium, Atlanta, Georgia.\" Accessed December 5, 2020. http://www.olympedia.org/venues/711

Spanos, Brittany. \"Janelle Monae Frees Herself\" April 26, 2018. Rolling Stone. https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-features/janelle-monae-frees-herself-629204/

\n\n\nSteve Goodson, remaining sections of \"Atlanta as a Regional Music Center,\" in Highbrows, Hillbillies, and Hellfire: Public Entertainment in Atlanta, 1880–1930 (Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2007).

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